S. Ramachandra Rao, in Waste Management Series, 2006. 8.2.1.2.6 Sintering Process. Sintering converts fine sized raw materials (e.g., iron ore, coke breeze, limestone, mill scale, and flue dusts) into an agglomerated product, sinter of suitable size for charging into the blast furnace. The raw materials are sometimes mixed with water to provide a cohesive matrix, and then placed on a ...
Sep 08, 2017· Besides alumina is a very important refractory material for the lining of furnaces and vessels in iron and steel plants. Role of alumina in ironmaking. Alumina during ironmaking enters the process through impurities in the input materials mainly iron ore. Alumina affects the sintering of iron ore.
During the iron ore sintering process, two types of particles are present in the sinter bed: (1) fines, which are actively taking part in melting and the formation of secondary phases, and (2) coarse ores, which are partially interacting with the surrounding melt. The quality of the final sinter is particularly determined by the secondary phases and their bonding ability.
Influence of the magnetite concentrate properties on sintering performance of magnetite-hematite-goethite iron ore blends and sinter quality 182 C Yang, D Zhu, J Pan, Q Li and L Lu Wetting behaviors of calcium ferrite on gangues in iron ore sintering process 189 M Yang and X Lv Effect of alumina and its types on sintering performance 196
iron ore concentrate contains a lower alumina. Recently it is more popular to be applied in commercial sinter plants to decrease the alumina content in sinter or combined with a high alumina low grade ore to reduce the production cost of sintering. However the productivity of sinter decreased with a decrease in the size of iron ore.
The production of most pig iron in the world is based on the use of iron ore sinter which consists of various mineral phases produced by sintering iron ores with fluxes and coke breeze. During the sintering process, the chemical reactions are taking place at high temperature and iron ores and fluxes are combined together and form a
composition and microstructure of iron ore sinter for low-temperature drip of molten iron with high permeability established that the basicity had a dominant influence on the dripping temperature while low alumina content and high MgO leads to low dripping temperature (6).
Studies have been carried out on low and high alumina iron ore fines to know the influence of sinter basicity and fuel (coke breeze) addition on sinter mineralogy, properties and productivity.
rameters. Among raw materials due to its major quantity, the iron ore plays the most significant role in sintering and hence the iron ore should have better metallurgical properties like high reducibility >70%, low degradation index, high softening and melt-down characteristics. Sintering process is extremely complex due to very short time.
Effects of alumina on sintering performance of hematite iron ores. ISIJ International, 47(3), 349-358. Webster, N A S, O'Dea, D P, Ellis, B G and Pownceby, M I, 2017. Effects of gibbsite, kaolinite and Al-rich goethite as alumina sources on silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminium (SFCA) and SFCA-I iron ore sinter bonding phase formation.
Sinter Feed Low Alumina, or SFLA will be one of the lowest alumina content traded ores and this is a good fit given the reduced availability of Chinese domestic concentrates, said Luiz Meriz, Vale's International S.A. Marketing Director, Iron Ore.
Low Al fines Sinter Feed Low Alumina (SFLA) is another premium ... Phosphorous (P) worsens steel mechanical properties, ... Hot metal P content(%) Iron ore sintering P content (%) 0.010 0.020 0.030 0.040 0.050 0.060 0.070 0.080 0.090 Costs vs. P content Single basic oxygen furnace
content have low-pre-ignition permeability. A number of factors influence the granulation characteristics and permeability of sinter feeds. Attempts to improve granule characteristics of sinter mix have to date concentrated on the operational conditions shown in Fig 11.3. Fig. 11.3: Factors involved in the granulation and sintering of iron ores
sintering of iron ores with high alumina content, which are otherwise dif fi cult to sinter due to the low reactivity of alumina-bearing materials and the high viscosity
Modeling Sintering Process of Iron Ore 25 Fig. 2. Thermal cycle of the materials in the sinter strand. Several attempts have been done to predict the final properties of the sinter product (Water et al. 1989, Kasai et al. 1989, 1991). The most important parameters are reducibility,
Jun 05, 2020· In the iron and steel industry, the two most prominent lining materials for handling of coke, sinter and iron ore are high Cr-Iron-alloy and sintered Alumina. High Cr Iron Alloy The high Cr-ironaalloy family encompases a wide range of chemical composition with C in the range of 2.5-3.5 wt.% and Cr in the range of 18-30 wt.% as the main elements ...
Recent results on pisolitic ore showed that it more readily forms a melt than dense hematite ores.30) Therefore, addition of low alumina pisolitic ore, such as Yandi, to high alumina sinter blends may help to produce more melt and dilute the effect of alumina on sinter quality.
Usually limonitic and goethite ore are associated with higher alumina and LOI. The conventional sintering process is one of the well established processes for high quality hematite ore. It does not fully respond to the low grade iron ore associated with goethite and limonite. This has led to deterioration in sinter properties and productivity.
and phases present in iron ore sinter are hematite (Fe 3), magnetite (Fe 4), Investigation into how the magnesia, silica, and alumina contents of iron ore sinter influence its mineralogy and properties by M.K. Kalenga* and A.M. Garbers-Craig† Synopsis The influence of varying amounts of magnesia, silica, and alumina in
The sinter basicity also plays an important role in sinter quality since it imparts the formation of different mineral phases in sinter. Pot-grate sintering tests were carried out with low and high basicity to investigate the effects of sinter basicity on sinter mineralogy, properties and productivity.
of using high grade ore to the performance of Sintering and Blast Furnace processes in terms of energy savings, CO 2 emissions, and logistic benefits to the mills in the region. Keywords: high grade iron ore, sinter, blast furnace, Brazilian fines, pot sinter, Alumina * Msc. Metallurgical Engineer - R&D Technical marketing – Vale S.A. - Brasil
Coke breeze is the most common fuel used in sintering, and its usage depends on the alumina content and fineness of the sinter mix. The coke breeze consumption in the JSW Steel Limited sinter plant was high compared to many other sinter plants in the world, and as there was a local shortage, optimisation in the sinter plants was necessary.
Mechanisms responsible for the deterioration of the low temperature reduction degradation characteristics (RDI) of sinter due to the increasing alumina content are also reviewed. In addition, potential measures to counter the adverse impacts of alumina on sintering performance of hematite iron ore fines are also discussed.
Goethite Rich Iron Ore Sinter Dr. Kalpataru Rout Sr. Manager, Quality Control Laboratory, NINL, Duburi, Jajpur, Odisha 755026, India. [email protected] Abstract: In this paper the influence of structural water present in goethite rich ore fines on sinter properties like mean size, RI, RDI, TI, AI and microstructure were studied.
The low Al 2 O 3 (<2.0 wt%), medium MgO (2.0–2.5 wt%) and high basicity (>3.0) sinter showed higher low temperature degradation index (LTD) due to the presence of silico ferrites of calcium and aluminium (SFCA), and magnetite phase, and lower pore phase as compared to low basicity iron ore sinter.
Sintering or frittage is the process of compacting and forming a solid mass of material by heat or pressure without melting it to the point of liquefaction.. Sintering happens naturally in mineral deposits or as a manufacturing process used with metals, ceramics, plastics, and other materials.The atoms in the materials diffuse across the boundaries of the particles, fusing the particles ...
The roles of A1 2 O 3 and MgO on the evolution of phases in iron ore sinters have been investigated by simulated sintering in the laboratory using natural ores, commercial grade limestone and analytical grade A1 2 O 3 and MgO. A1 2 O 3 may not be necessary for the formation of SFCA in sinters if the sintering temperature is below 1300°C and the sintering time is short.
Apr 01, 2015· Iron ore sintering is used all over the world to prepare agglomerates for the ironmaking blast furnace, . Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the major processes in a typical iron ore sintering plant. The blended sinter mix – typically composed of iron ores, fluxes, returned sinter fines, plant dust and about 4 wt.% coke breeze – is first granulated to coarsen its size distribution.